Science Of Psychology

Stages Of   Development Of The Brain Development of brain can be divided into five stages or five parts, which are :          i.             Myencephalon :   This is the first and oldest part of the brain. It extends from spinal cord. It has within it Medulla Oblongata. The main function of this structure is to take care of the autonomic activities of breathing, respiration etc.        ii.             Metacephalon :   It has within it Pons and Cerebellum. The main function of this structure of the brain is to maintain balance between different physical activities, as for example rhythm and coordination between the movements or hands and legs and other part of the body. For Example : Swimming which requires high levels of coordination, balance and rhythm between hands and legs.     iii.             Mesencephalon :   Mesencephalon or mid brain is the portion of the brainstem that connects the hindbrain and the forebrain. It connects the cerebrum with the cerebellum. T

PERIPHERAL NERVOUS   SYSTEM (PNS) This comprises of all those neurons which lie outside the brain and the spinal cord and connect these two with receptors, effectors and gland. It is divided into two parts i.e. somatic and autonomic nervous system.         I.             Somatic Nervous System : The somatic system is made up of two different types of neurons are (sensory neurons), which transmit messages to the central nervous system, and (motor neurons) , which relay information from the central nervous system to other areas of the body. ·       Cranial Nerves : Cranial nerves are the nerves that emerge directly from the brain. It originate from the bony skull and are found in pairs of Twelve nerves .   These are motor, sensory nerves. ·       Spinal Nerves : A spinal nerve is a mixed nerve, which carries motor, sensory and autonomic signals between the spinal cord and the body and there are 31 pairs and are divided into five parts.      II.             Autonomic

KUBLER-ROSS MODEL OF DYING Although there are many theories about the emotional transitions encountered by dying people, the best known is Kubler-Ross. She studied extensively death and dying and suggested that terminally ill patients display the following five basic reactions.        I.             Denial –   Denial is the first stage that can initially help you survive the loss. We start to deny the news and, in effect go numb (no physical sensation). If you were diagnosed with a deadly disease, you might believe the news is incorrect a mistake must have occurred somewhere in the lab – they mixed up your blood with someone else. If you receive news on the death of a loved one, perhaps you cling to a false hope that they identified the wrong person. In the denial sta ge, you are not living in ‘actual rea lity’, rather, you are living in a ‘preferable’ reality. Int erestingly, it is denial and shock that help you cope and survive the grief event.     II.             Ang